Manufacture of incandescent gas-mantles.



UNlTED IQNAZ KREIDL, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HQUNGARY.

MANUFACTURE OF INCANDESCENT GAS-MANTLES.

No Drawing.

all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Ion. Kai-non. chemist-manufactlu'er, a subject of thb Emeror of Austria-l-lungarv, and a resident of XXI/1 Kohlgasse 7, ;Vienna, in the lam-.- ire of Austria-Hun ary, have invented an mprovement iii the 'fanufactu're of Incandescent Gas-lilantles, in articular of artificial silk; and I do here y declare the followingtorbe a full, clear; and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to a process of manufacturing incandescent gas-mantles. particularly such as are madeof artificial s lk. In well-known processes of manufacturing incandescent gas-mantles the salts are con verted on the fiber into the hydrates in well- 'known manner by treating thesalts, e. g. of

thorium nitrate, with ammonia. Not onl the hydrate, but also alkaline salts, sue

as ammonium nitrate, are formed on the fiber, and these alkali salts have to be com-,ras their presence prevents pl etelyremoved the proper formation of-a mantle.

Now the present invention has for its-bject an improved process, in particular. to avoid the formation of alkali salts by directly impregnating the raw fabric with thorium hydrate in the form of a solution of col' idal thorium hydrate sol) and converting the soluble form sol of colloidalthorium hydrate on the fiber into the insoluble form called gel.

According to Graham, aide Philoao kical Transactions of the Royal iSocr'etg 0 Lon don 151, 183 (1861), the colloidal solutions pm me are called sol, andthe colloidal substances which have become insoluble by mechanical treatment. or the'intluence of heat, or under the action of chemical agents,

are called gel The improved process is carried into practice by impregnating the raw mantles, prefl \Vhercas erably those composed of artificial silk. with a solution of colloidal thorium hydrate sol to whi h cerium oxid is added as salt, or colloid. in the quantity usual for incandescent gas-nmntles, '1' e. a proximately one per cent. of cerium oxid and subsequently drying the mantle thus, This impregnation ploye in the case f thorium nitrate solu- Specification 6': Letters .Patent.

treated. i may be carried out ate 1 eordm to any of the methods usually em- Patented Jan'. 3,,1911.

, Application filed August as, 1909. Serial No. 514,752.

The impregnation of raw mantles for incandescent gas onl with a solut on of colloidal thorium by rate per 86 without subavailable incandesient gas mantles. If such mantles, made wit subjectedto the ordinary proeess of drying and incineration it is found that theiincandescent-gas mantles obtained in' this way jshow a great number of holes, which in use #of the incandescent mantle induce-complete tearing of the fabric. This fact may be explained by the observation, that the colloidal pension, yields-on glowin softness and incoherencly't pregnated withisuch'co oidal solution is anable to present coherence between itsineshes after incineration. B coagulating the solubleform, of colloidal t orium-hydrate on the fiber according to the'present invention the particles are bound together,to obtain a connection which is maintained even after incincration of the fiberand produces a coherent structure of the oxid corresponding to the structure of the fabric. The con lation performed on the fiber by means o toagulating agents which are indifferent to the fiber, andwhich are employed in extremely small quantities which do not need to be washed out, causes the oxidto sinter on incineration, so that a well made mantle, coherent in its meshes, is obtained.

As indicated, the present invention consists in submittin the fabric, after impregnation with collmdal thorium hydrate and drying to an additional treatment for the purpose of giving it a more coherent structure after its incineration. To this endthe sol on the fiber is converted into the gel ,ef all coagulating agents ammonia,

referably employed in solution, is mostsuitable, although other coagulating agents i may be employed. As'salts are not formed washing after the reaction is superfluous. in the well-known Process the treatment'of the raw mantle with ammonia has the purpose of converting the thorium salts into the hydrates on the fiber'itself the i ammonia treatment is in the present invenl tion merely a subsequent treatment, the purthc hydrate V After the 3 treated mantle has been driedit can be in- !cinerated.

1 According to the improved process, ex-

pose of which is to coagulate existing already on the fiber.

sequent treatment 1s not sutiicient to produce 1 a colloidal solution, are

thorium hydrate, being only a veryfine susan oxidof suchat the fabric im rium hydrate in a soluble state sol dried, the colloidal thorium hydrate on the mantle converted into the insoluble form of colloid (gel) and the mantle incinerated. 3. A process of manufacturing incandescent "as mantles, in which the mantle is imprgnated with a colloidal solution of thorilnnhydrate in a soluble state sol), the colloidaltliorium hydrate on the mantle converted'into the insoluble form of colloid e1) 'by means of a coagulating agent, an the mantle incinerated.

4. A process of manufacturing incandesent gas mantles in which the mantle is impregnated with a colloidal solution of tho riuiu hydrate in a soluble state (sol the colloidalthorium hydrate on the mantle converted into the insoluble form of colloid g y ammonia, and the mantle incin eratcd.

5. The process of manufacturing 1ncandescent gas mantles which consists in form mg a mantle of threads, impregnating the mantle thus formed with a colloidal thorium hydrate in a soluble state (isol) and \subscquently converting the colloidal thorium hydrate thus impregnatql into the insoluble form of colloid (gel).

6. The process ofmanufacturing incandescent gas mantles which consists in form-,'

ing a mantle of artificial silk threads, im pregnatmg the mantle thus formed with .a

'colloidal thorium hydrate in a-solublestatc sol and sabscqilently'converting the colloidal thorium hydratethus im'pre into the insoluble-form of colloid (gel). In testimony whereofl have signed my name .to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. a I IGNAZ KREIDL. Witnesses: a 7

/ ALBIN ScI-n LLEia;

AUGUST FUGGER.

ated 1 

